Planetary waves: scale analysis; physical description of planetary wave propagation; reflections; normal modes in a closed basin. Large-scale baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, Eady and Charney ...

The model contains no depth-independent (barotropic) flow, and thus may provide a useful comparison to 2D flows dominated by this flow component. Vortex organizations as shown by snapshots in ...

Deep and shallow equation sets in 3D 17. Quasi-shallow equation sets in 3D 18. Shallow water equation sets in 2D 19. A barotropic potential vorticity (BPV) equation for flow over a spheroidal planet.

Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA Student Geophysical Fluid ...