Time-dependent exposure to inhaled ipratropium bromide was characterized as exposed vs unexposed within the past year, and recency of exposure and cumulative exposure within the past year.

or nebulization (7%), or ipratropium bromide in a fixed-dose combination with albuterol (38%). Overall, exposure to anticholinergics was associated with a 29% higher risk of CVEs relative to no ...

Short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) are a class of prescription drugs used to quickly relieve shortness of breath and wheezing in people with asthma. SABAs work by relaxing the smooth muscles of the ...