Methods: The genome-wide association studies data were collected from the UK Biobank and the European Working Group on Sarcopenia to conduct a bi-directional two-sample MR study to explore the ...
In East Asian ancestry, the association, causality, and shared genetic basis between blood-based biomarkers and MD remain unclear. Methods: We investigated the relationships between blood-based ...
The eleventh chapter steps back from the specifics of the discussion and investigates the strengths and weaknesses of the various proposed theories of causality in the face of certain contemporary ...