Conclusion: Male offspring born to HAO dams develop hypoandrogenemia that is associated with intra-renal activation of HDAC that could be mediating their increased intra-renal inflammation (TNF-α ...

Approximately two-thirds of human papillae are convex and one-third concave. 27 Intrarenal reflux—the retrograde movement of urine from the renal pelvis into the renal parenchyma—is dependent ...